TIMELINE:
THE TRACES OF AFRICAN MAN
IN THE PROTO-NEGROID BELT
20,000
08,000
05,000
04,500 - 2,900
04,000
03,500
-2,500
03,200
02,700
02,500
02,160
02,100
02,050
02,000
Grimaldi Man supposed to be ancestor of Africans
Late Stone Age: settlement of Central Sahara and Nile
Transition in Sahara/Nile to early farming
Rise of civilization in Sumer
Foundations of Egyptian government with kingships in Nubia then Lower and Upper Egypt
First cities rise in Nile, Tigris-Euphrates and Indus valleys
Early period of Pharaonic Power
Old Kingdom begins in Egypt : 4th-11th Dynasty
Bronze Age begins in Summer
Start of Indus Valley Civilization
Fall of Egyptian Kingdom
Late period of Pharaonic Power
Start of Middle Kingdom in Egypt : 11th-14th Dynasty
Height of Indus civilization at Harappa and Mohenjo-daro
01,567
01,200 - 600
01,000 - 700
00,950
00,700
00,600
00,525
00,500
00,332
00,200
00,100
New Kingdom begins in Egypt: 18th-20th Dynasty
Olmec Civilization in Ancient Mexico called "mother civilization" with hieroglyphic writing and numeration.
Indo-Aryans migrate to Nepal
Third Intermediate Period: Decline of Pharaonic Power
Khart-Haddas founded by Africans and Phoenicians
Queen of Sheba leaves Ethiopia to meet King Solomon
Rise of Kushite Power south of the Nile Cataract
Iron Age begins in Egypt
Assyrian invasion. 25th D:Ethiopian ruling : Kashta and Piye(Piankhi)
Foundation of City of Meroe
City of Khart-Haddas - major Mediterranean Power
Necho II, Egypt King commissiones Hano to circum-navigate the continent Africa
Persian Invasion of Egypt (Cambyses)
Rise of Nok Culture/Benue Valley. Iron working
Greek Invasion of Egypt (Alexander II)
30th dynastic period
Romans attempt to grab Khart-Haddas (Hannibal Barca)
Rise of Aksum in north Ethiopia: State with plough and literacy
00,100
00,200
00,300
00,400
00,500
00,600
00,622
00,641
00,700
00,850
Final decline of Egypt. Roman supremacy
Spread of iron-working through South and East of Congo
Spread of iron-working through South Limpopo
Collapse of Western Roman Empire
End of Meroe and Kush Power
Conversion of Ethiopians to Christianity
Rise of Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantin)
Late Iron Age: Bantu peoples migrate from Nok to Southern Africa
Conversion of Nubians to Christianity
Muhammad founds Islam in Arabia
Drive of Byzantin out of Egypt, now Muslim state
Rise of Caliphate of Cordoba in Spain
Origin of Swahili civilization
Foundation of al-Kahira
al-Andalus under Almohads rule and culture
01,076
01,200
01,400 - 800
01,400 - 500
01,492
1591
Further developments of Iron Age in West Africa:
al-Andalus under Almoravids rule and culture
Rise of Ife Culture (12 - 15 AD)
First Stone Buildings in Great Zimbabwe by ancestors of Shona peoples
Swahili towns - intermediaries of trade
Destruction of the University of Djenne
Later rebuilt as the University of Sankhore in Timbuktu
Marrakesh founded by the Almoravids
Rise of Shona Kingdom in Zimbabwe
War between Christian Nubia and Muslim Egypt
Slave Trade
Period of Foundation of many Kingdoms in Central and Southern Africa
African Pilot - Pedro Alonzo Nino - captain of the Santa Maria - carried Christobal Colon (alias Columbus) through Atlantic Ocean to West Indies
MIDDLE AGES END
01,700
01,800
01,800 - 850
01,750 - 800
01,779
01,791
01,830
01,884
Asante Empire begins. Rise of Lunda, Kuba and Luba Kingdoms
Slaves return to Nigeria from Brazil: introduction of Portuguese Style of Architecture
Rise of Macina, Sokoto, Zoulou Kingdoms.
Colonization begins - Industrial Revolution
Euro settlers in South Africa
Napoleon invades Egypt
Rise of New Slave Trade in East Africa - Zanzibar
Balkanization of Africa under colonial rule
